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	<title>Comments on: A 12,000-Year-Old Shaman From Hilazon Tachtit, Israel &amp; The Emergence Of Religion</title>
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	<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/</link>
	<description>Beyond bones &#38; stones</description>
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		<title>By: Jodi Lorimer</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-29831</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jodi Lorimer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Dec 2011 15:18:17 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[One difficulty in determining the origins of religion is distinguishing it from art, if, in fact, there was an early distinction. Geometric engravings on stone from Blombos cave  are somewhere in the neighborhood of 80,000 years. Neanderthals about 50,000 years ago collected and arranged stalactites into two circles in the depths of Bernifal cave for some reason. If there was no clearly practical reason to do these things, they must have appealed to an emotional resonance; aesthetic or spiritual. That doesn&#039;t mean that being a Paleolithic artist didn&#039;t have its practical side if you gained particular recognition for your gifts among your people. One of the best books on the subject is David Lewis-Williams, &quot;The Mind in the Cave&quot; but mine is pretty good too: &quot;Dancing at the Edge of Death: The Origins of the Labyrinth in the Paleolithic&quot; Thanks for the information on this cave - fascinating stuff.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One difficulty in determining the origins of religion is distinguishing it from art, if, in fact, there was an early distinction. Geometric engravings on stone from Blombos cave  are somewhere in the neighborhood of 80,000 years. Neanderthals about 50,000 years ago collected and arranged stalactites into two circles in the depths of Bernifal cave for some reason. If there was no clearly practical reason to do these things, they must have appealed to an emotional resonance; aesthetic or spiritual. That doesn&#8217;t mean that being a Paleolithic artist didn&#8217;t have its practical side if you gained particular recognition for your gifts among your people. One of the best books on the subject is David Lewis-Williams, &#8220;The Mind in the Cave&#8221; but mine is pretty good too: &#8220;Dancing at the Edge of Death: The Origins of the Labyrinth in the Paleolithic&#8221; Thanks for the information on this cave &#8211; fascinating stuff.</p>
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		<title>By: DarwenFags</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-23495</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[DarwenFags]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Apr 2011 06:54:37 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[I just want to laugh at you losers who believe in Evolution.  It&#039;s utterly laughable and pathetic.  Just a bunch of kids scraping and guessing at the ancient universe and calling your wild guesses &quot;science.&quot;

Morons.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just want to laugh at you losers who believe in Evolution.  It&#8217;s utterly laughable and pathetic.  Just a bunch of kids scraping and guessing at the ancient universe and calling your wild guesses &#8220;science.&#8221;</p>
<p>Morons.</p>
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		<title>By: Jillian Wintercrow</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-14473</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jillian Wintercrow]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2009 19:33:30 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[my mate is a shaman both in faith and on the game world of war craft he claim that the game protrail of the class is not to far off base there are a few things that are off but there is no set guide line saying what is right or what is wrong it is base on the person and what guide helps them, every one has a guide as you can tell from the last name from my mate his is a crow. I do not know what mine is, to me it looks like a mix of a aye-aye, bushbaby, and a rodent, or what crow says &quot;food&quot;. It will not be the same for every one.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>my mate is a shaman both in faith and on the game world of war craft he claim that the game protrail of the class is not to far off base there are a few things that are off but there is no set guide line saying what is right or what is wrong it is base on the person and what guide helps them, every one has a guide as you can tell from the last name from my mate his is a crow. I do not know what mine is, to me it looks like a mix of a aye-aye, bushbaby, and a rodent, or what crow says &#8220;food&#8221;. It will not be the same for every one.</p>
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		<title>By: Ted Daniels</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-13456</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ted Daniels]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2008 23:06:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://anthropologynet.wordpress.com/?p=1727#comment-13456</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[What are the chances that a sudden climate change like that mentioned here might have led to a sudden availability of psychedelic plants, whose ingestion would certainly have encouraged religious imagery &amp; thought?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What are the chances that a sudden climate change like that mentioned here might have led to a sudden availability of psychedelic plants, whose ingestion would certainly have encouraged religious imagery &amp; thought?</p>
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		<title>By: Kambiz</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-13075</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kambiz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Nov 2008 05:40:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://anthropologynet.wordpress.com/?p=1727#comment-13075</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Luis,

As always, thank you for the insightful and thought provoking comment. I appreciate anytime you comment on a post here and wish other commenters would follow your recipe.

On the subject at hand, I know that some primatologists, notably Jane Goodall, have observed chimpanzees doing what can be considered a ritual at a waterfall -- so the roots of spirtualism maybe far more deep than we expect. Can you elaborate on the evidence for “shamanic” or other magical-religious thoughts  since Upper Paleolithic? In all honesty, I&#039;m unfamiliar with that evidence and would like to investigate. 

Kambiz]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Luis,</p>
<p>As always, thank you for the insightful and thought provoking comment. I appreciate anytime you comment on a post here and wish other commenters would follow your recipe.</p>
<p>On the subject at hand, I know that some primatologists, notably Jane Goodall, have observed chimpanzees doing what can be considered a ritual at a waterfall &#8212; so the roots of spirtualism maybe far more deep than we expect. Can you elaborate on the evidence for “shamanic” or other magical-religious thoughts  since Upper Paleolithic? In all honesty, I&#8217;m unfamiliar with that evidence and would like to investigate. </p>
<p>Kambiz</p>
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		<title>By: Luis</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-13074</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Luis]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Nov 2008 02:25:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://anthropologynet.wordpress.com/?p=1727#comment-13074</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&lt;i&gt;When do you think religious thoughts emerged during human evolution.&lt;/i&gt;

Since always and by this I mean *at least* since we are Homo sapiens and maybe before. Our greater cognitive ability makes us ask way too many questions, many of which can only have an answer in the realm of the imaginary (magico-religious dimenson). Additionally we know that the pre-scientific mind tends to explain the why of things by affinity, what again leads us to the magico-religious realm. 

We think we have evidence of &quot;shamanic&quot; or other magical-religious thought at least since Upper Paleolithic. But it&#039;s very likely that it was there before, since our minds were large enough and became concerned about the why of things - to which magical explanations are the most simple, sometimes reasonably approximate, available explanation without proper science. 

Thinking in magical terms is even possible, I think, to understand more or less what the animal offerings in this burial may have meant: the head of a mustelid certainly suggests me smartness, sharp mind, intelligence, while the other offerings may reflect other such attributes (shell for sturdiness and protection; wings for spirituality, far sight or wisdom, etc.) Neverhelss, I must admit that the mammal offerings suggest food to me (ham and bull-tail soup), though they surely meant also spiritual attributes I cannot understand well.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>When do you think religious thoughts emerged during human evolution.</i></p>
<p>Since always and by this I mean *at least* since we are Homo sapiens and maybe before. Our greater cognitive ability makes us ask way too many questions, many of which can only have an answer in the realm of the imaginary (magico-religious dimenson). Additionally we know that the pre-scientific mind tends to explain the why of things by affinity, what again leads us to the magico-religious realm. </p>
<p>We think we have evidence of &#8220;shamanic&#8221; or other magical-religious thought at least since Upper Paleolithic. But it&#8217;s very likely that it was there before, since our minds were large enough and became concerned about the why of things &#8211; to which magical explanations are the most simple, sometimes reasonably approximate, available explanation without proper science. </p>
<p>Thinking in magical terms is even possible, I think, to understand more or less what the animal offerings in this burial may have meant: the head of a mustelid certainly suggests me smartness, sharp mind, intelligence, while the other offerings may reflect other such attributes (shell for sturdiness and protection; wings for spirituality, far sight or wisdom, etc.) Neverhelss, I must admit that the mammal offerings suggest food to me (ham and bull-tail soup), though they surely meant also spiritual attributes I cannot understand well.</p>
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		<title>By: Wednesday Round Up #36 &#171; Neuroanthropology</title>
		<link>http://anthropology.net/2008/11/04/a-12000-year-old-shaman-from-hilazon-tachtit-israel-the-emergence-of-relgion/#comment-12998</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Wednesday Round Up #36 &#171; Neuroanthropology]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Nov 2008 10:59:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://anthropologynet.wordpress.com/?p=1727#comment-12998</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] A 12,000-Year-Old Shaman From Hilazon Tachtit, Israel &amp; The Emergence Of Religion Complex burials and complex social roles in Natufian [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] A 12,000-Year-Old Shaman From Hilazon Tachtit, Israel &amp; The Emergence Of Religion Complex burials and complex social roles in Natufian [...]</p>
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